Imagine a place with lightning 297 nights a year, up to 10 hours per day! Does this sound like something out of science fiction? Such a place exists—Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, where the Catatumbo phenomenon occurs.
Catatumbo lightning, as the phenomenon is called, is as spectacular as it sounds, appearing 5 days out of 6 for hours, with up to nearly 30 lightning strikes per minute!
Lake Maracaibo has an astonishing 233 lightning flashes per square kilometer yearly, making it the world’s absolute lightning hot spot.
Lake Maracaibo’s unique geography and climate favor the very frequent formation of thunderstorms.
Night-time mountain breezes descend from Perijá Mountains and Mérida’s Cordillera (parts of the Andes) and collide with the warm, moist air over Lake Maracaibo, initiating thunderstorms, particularly over the mouth of the Catatumbo River as it flows into Lake Maracaibo.
Above: Comparison of lightning flash rate for Lake Maracaibo and Lake Victoria, the previous record holder for the highest lightning rate in the world. Units are in lightning flashes per square kilometer per year. Map: University of São Paulo.
Catatumbo lightning is so persistent, active, and regular that it has been popularly known as the Lighthouse of Maracaibo because it is visible for many kilometers around the lake.
The Italian geographer Agustin Codazzi described it as “like a continuous lightning, and its position such that, located almost on the meridian of the mouth of the lake, it directs the navigators as a lighthouse.”
It has also been called the Everlasting lightning storm.
Before new, higher-resolution data being available, the area around Kifuka village in DR Congo in Africa was the top lightning hot spot in the world, with 158 lightning flashes per square kilometer per year.
Compare that with the top area in Europe: extreme northeastern Italy, with approximately eight lightning flashes per square kilometer per year. Yes, Lake Maracaibo looks like a fascinating travel destination!
See also: World record lightning – a single flash travels more than 700 km in Brazil